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You can use the function read-quoted-char to ask
the user to specify a character, and allow the user to specify a
control or meta character conveniently, either literally or as an
octal character code. The command quoted-insert uses
this function.
This function is like read-char, except that
if the first character read is an octal digit (0–7), it
reads any number of octal digits (but stopping if a non-octal
digit is found), and returns the character represented by
that numeric character code. If the character that terminates
the sequence of octal digits is RET, it
is discarded. Any other terminating character is used as
input after this function returns.
Quitting is suppressed when the first character is read, so that the user can enter a C-g. See Quitting.
If prompt is supplied, it specifies a string for prompting the user. The prompt string is always displayed in the echo area, followed by a single ‘-’.
In the following example, the user types in the octal number 177 (which is 127 in decimal).
(read-quoted-char "What character")
---------- Echo Area ----------
What character 1 7 7-
---------- Echo Area ----------
⇒ 127